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乳腺癌 1

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自主汽化管理;液氨;毫牛量级推进技术;微推力;高精度轨道控制;微纳卫星 1

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Fifty Years of Water Sensitive Urban Design, Salisbury, South Australia

John C. Radcliffe, Declan Page, Bruce Naumann, Peter Dillon

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0937-3

摘要: Australia has developed extensive policies and guidelines for the management of its water. The City of Salisbury, located within metropolitan Adelaide, South Australia, developed rapidly through urbanisation from the 1970s. Water sensitive urban design principles were adopted to maximise the use of the increased run-off generated by urbanisation and ameliorate flood risk. Managed aquifer recharge was introduced for storing remediated low-salinity stormwater by aquifer storage and recovery (ASR) in a brackish aquifer for subsequent irrigation. This paper outlines how a municipal government has progressively adopted principles of Water Sensitive Urban Design during its development within a framework of evolving national water policies. Salisbury’s success with stormwater harvesting led to the formation of a pioneering water business that includes linking projects from nine sites to provide a non-potable supply of 5 × 10 m ·year . These installations hosted a number of applied research projects addressing well configuration, water quality, reliability and economics and facilitated the evaluation of its system as a potential potable water source. The evaluation showed that while untreated stormwater contained contaminants, subsurface storage and end-use controls were sufficient to make recovered water safe for public open space irrigation, and with chlorination, acceptable for third pipe supplies. Drinking water quality could be achieved by adding microfiltration, disinfection with UV and chlorination. The costs that would need to be expended to achieve drinking water safety standards were found to be considerably less than the cost of establishing dual pipe distribution systems. The full cost of supply was determined to be AUD$1.57 m for non-potable water for public open space irrigation, much cheaper than mains water, AUD$3.45 m at that time. Producing and storing potable water was found to cost AUD$1.96 to $2.24 m .

关键词: Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR)     Stormwater harvesting     Water recycling drinking water     Low impact development     Water sensitive urban design    

Quantification of seepage in a multi-layered disconnected river-aquifer system

Jiang LI, Haizhu HU, Xiaomin MAO, Yi LIU

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第4卷 第2期   页码 237-245 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017135

摘要: Quantification of seepage in disconnected river-aquifer systems is significant for local water management and groundwater pollution control, especially in areas with water shortage or contamination. The vadose zone under riverbeds usually exhibits a multi-layered structure, particularly when paved with low permeability liners. To evaluate the impact of engineering solutions to seepage under such conditions, we proposed an approach by combining GIS and the minimum flux in saturation layer (MFSL) method. MFSL can calculate the stable seepage rate by assessing the dominant low permeability layers (including but not limited to the liners) in multi-layered disconnected river-aquifer systems. We used MFSL to calculate local seepage rate, and used GIS to extend the results to a regional scale. The reliability of MFSL is discussed by comparing the results with the double ring infiltration test, the numerical simulation by HYDRUS, and the methods of stream package in MODFLOW, including its improved form. A case study was conducted in the Yongding River with river-aquifer seepage calculated under various conditions, including different river water levels (i.e., under the designated water level, drought stage level, flood stage level and flood inundation level) and with/without low permeability liners (i.e., ecological membranes or geomembrane). Results showed that low permeability liners could greatly reduce the seepage rate. However, if an unlined inundation area exists, the seepage rate may increase greatly. The results indicated that the proposed method was reliable and convenient for calculating long-term, large area seepage in disconnected river-aquifer systems especially those paved with liners.

关键词: infiltration     low permeability liner     multi-layered porous media     river-aquifer seepage    

CHALLENGES PROVIDING MULTIPLE ECOSYSTEM BENEFITS FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGED SYSTEMS

《农业科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2022年 第9卷 第2期   页码 170-176 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2022444

摘要:

Since humans started practicing agriculture at the expense of natural forests, 8000 years ago, they have affected atmospheric CO2concentrations. Their impact on atmospheric CH4 started about 5000 years ago, as result of the cultivation of paddy rice. A challenge of modern agricultural practices is to reverse the impact cropping has had on greenhouse gas emissions and the global climate. There is an increasing demand for agriculture to provide food security as well as a range of other ecosystem services. Depending on ecosystem management, different practices may involve trade-offs and synergies, and these must be considered to work toward desirable management systems. Solution toward food security should not only focus on agricultural management practices, but also on strategies to reduce food waste, more socially-just distribution of resources, changes in lifestyle including decarbonization of the economy, as well as reducing human population growth.

关键词: crop diversification / ecosystem services / food security / sustainable cropping systems    

Nanosized magnetite in low cost materials for remediation of water polluted with toxic metals, azo- and antraquinonic dyes

María Fernanda HORST,Verónica LASSALLE,María Luján FERREIRA

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第5期   页码 746-769 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0814-x

摘要: Nanosized magnetite has emerged as an adsorbent of pollutants in water remediation. Nanoadsorbents include magnetic iron oxide and its modifiers/stabilizers, such as carbon, silica, clay, organic moieties (polymers, aminoacids, and fatty acids) and other inorganic oxides. This review is focused on the recent developments on the synthesis and use of magnetic nanoparticles and nanocomposites in the treatment of contaminated water. The emphasis is on the influence of the iron oxide modifiers on some properties of interest such as size, BET area, and magnetization. The characteristics of these nanomaterials are related to their ability to eliminate heavy metal ions and dyes from wastewater. Comparative analysis of the actual literature was performed aiming to present the magnetic material, its preparation methodology and performance in the elimination of the selected pollutants. Vast information has been properly summarized according to the materials, their properties and preferential affinity for selected contaminants. The mechanisms governing nanomaterial’s formation as well as the interactions with heavy metals and dyes have been carefully analyzed and associated to their efficiency.

关键词: nanomagnetite     water remediation     toxic metals     dyes     supported magnetite    

Production of pectic extracts from sugar beet pulp with antiproliferative activity on a breast cancer cell line

Jacqueline CONCHA, Caroline WEINSTEIN, María Elvira Zú?IGA

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2013年 第7卷 第4期   页码 482-489 doi: 10.1007/s11705-013-1342-5

摘要: In the last years, sugar beet pectins have been the subject of several investigations involving extraction methodologies, chemical composition and functional properties. The structure of pectins, which depends on the extraction method, is decisive in their capacity to induce apoptosis on several cancer cell lines like colon, prostate and breast. In this work, sugar beet pectin extraction was performed in the following steps: lipid extraction with hexane, removal of soluble complex carbohydrates and proteins, and enzymatic treatment with amyloglucosidase, protease, and pectinase. The enzymatic treatment was carried out with Rohapect DA6L under the following conditions: 50°C, pH 4.0, 2% enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio, 15 h, and a solid to liquid ratio of 1 ∶ 10. The pectic extract showed a degree of polymerization (DP) profile of 55.8% with DP≥7; 4.9% with DP6; 5.8% between DP2 and DP6 ; 4.7% with DP2; and 28.8% with DP1. The pectic extract was examined for its antiproliferative activity on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. At a concentration range of 12.5–25 mg/mL the pectic extract killed 80.6% of the cells, exhibiting a higher antiproliferative activity than 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT), a classical anticancer drug, which killed 56.5% of the cells.

关键词: pectic extracts     antiproliferative activity     breast cancer     enzymatic treatment    

纤维基质——乳腺癌检测和治疗的新途径 Review

Rasha Rezk,  Raquel Marín-García,  Annica K.B.Gad

《工程(英文)》 2021年 第7卷 第10期   页码 1375-1380 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.04.024

摘要:

乳腺癌的特点是肿瘤细胞周围的蛋白纤维大量增加。这些纤维会提高组织的机械硬度,人们一直以来都是利用这一点并通过手动触诊来诊断肿瘤。最近的生物工程研究开发了新型生物材料,这些材料模拟了肿瘤微环境的力学特性和结构特性,可以用来了解这些特性如何调节乳腺癌的发展和扩散。本文概述了乳腺癌组织的力学特性与正常乳腺组织及非癌性病变组织的力学特性之间的差异,描述了生物材料模型是如何用于了解细胞外环境的硬度和黏度调节细胞迁移和乳腺癌转移的。此外,本文还强调了对生物材料模型的需求,这些模型可独立分析肿瘤微环境的单个和多个力学特性并利用肿瘤内不同区域的细胞,同时为进行乳腺癌转移新型机械疗法的开发提供了指导。

关键词: 乳腺癌     组织硬度     癌症转移     细胞迁移     生物工程支架     黏度    

Multifunctional antimicrobial chlorhexidine polymers by remote plasma assisted vacuum deposition

Aparicio, María Alcaire, Carmen López-Santos, Juan P.

《化学科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第2期   页码 330-339 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1803-6

摘要: Novel antibacterial materials for implants and medical instruments are essential to develop practical strategies to stop the spread of healthcare associated infections. This study presents the synthesis of multifunctional antibacterial nanocoatings on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) by remote plasma assisted deposition of sublimated chlorhexidine powders at low pressure and room temperature. The obtained materials present effective antibacterial activity against K12, either by contact killing and antibacterial adhesion or by biocide agents release depending on the synthetic parameters. In addition, these multifunctional coatings allow the endure hydrophilization of the hydrophobic PDMS surface, thereby improving their biocompatibility. Importantly, cell-viability tests conducted on these materials also prove their non-cytotoxicity, opening a way for the integration of this type of functional plasma films in biomedical devices.

关键词: plasma polymers     conformal plasma deposition     chlorhexidine     bactericide     PDMS     biocompatibility    

Shear-flexural strength mechanical model for the design and assessment of reinforced concrete beams subjected to point or distributed loads

Antonio MARÍ,Antoni CLADERA,Jesús BAIRÁN,Eva OLLER,Carlos RIBAS

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 337-353 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0081-0

摘要: A mechanical model recently developed for the shear strength of slender reinforced concrete beams with and without shear reinforcement is presented and extended to elements with uniformly distributed loads, specially focusing on practical design and assessment in this paper. The shear strength is considered to be the sum of the shear transferred by the concrete compression chord, along the crack, due to residual tensile and frictional stresses, by the stirrups and, if they exist, by the longitudinal reinforcement. Based on the principles of structural mechanics simple expressions have been derived separately for each shear transfer action and for their interaction at ultimate limit state. The predictions of the model have been compared to those obtained by using the EC2, MC2010 and ACI 318-08 provisions and they fit very well the available experimental results from the recently published ACI-DAfStb databases of shear tests on slender reinforced concrete beams with and without stirrups. Finally, a detailed application example has been presented, obtaining each contributing component to the shear strength and the assumed shape and position of the critical crack.

关键词: shear strength     mechanical model     reinforced concrete     design     assessment     shear tests    

Effect of asphalt thin beams mixed with three nominal maximum aggregate sizes in the bending beam rheometer on the prediction of thermal properties of bituminous material

Chun-Hsing HO,María Francisca Martínez GONZÁLEZ,Cristina Pilar Martín LINARES

《结构与土木工程前沿(英文)》 2017年 第11卷 第1期   页码 1-7 doi: 10.1007/s11709-016-0367-5

摘要: The objective of this research is to evaluate an impact of asphalt mixture beams with varying sizes of aggregate in the Bending Beam Rheometer (BBR) for testing/predicting thermal cracking properties of asphalt pavements. The BBR test has following benefits: the equipment is cheaper, it uses smaller specimens, faster conditioning, easier availability for quality control, easier to manage, etc. However some concerns have been raised: some consider that the size of the aggregate may affect the test’s results; the other concern is that such small beams cannot represent the whole properties of the asphalt pavement. To address these criticisms, imaging techniques, statistical analysis, and viscoelastic modeling are used. Asphalt thin beams prepared with three different nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) (12.5mm, 9.5 mm, and 4.75 mm) were tested at three different temperatures (-18°C, -24°C, and -30°C). Based on results from statistical analyses and viscoelasticity, the ratio of asphalt binders and voids and stiffness differences among the three NMAS specimens are not significant, meaning that the impact of asphalt thin beams prepared with the three NMAS on the prediction of thermal cracking is minimal and can be neglected.

关键词: bending beam rheometer     thin beams     thermal cracking    

Transport of bacterial cell (

Wei Fan, Qi Li, Mingxin Huo, Xiaoyu Wang, Shanshan Lin

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2020年 第14卷 第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1242-0

摘要: Abstract • The recharge pond dwelling process induced changes in cell properties. • Cell properties and solution chemistry exerted confounding effect on cell transport. • E. coli cells within different recharge water displayed different spreading risks. Commonly used recharge water resources for artificial groundwater recharge (AGR) such as secondary effluent (SE), river water and rainfall, are all oligotrophic, with low ionic strengths and different cationic compositions. The dwelling process in recharge pond imposed physiologic stress on Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells, in all three types of investigated recharge water resources and the cultivation of E. coli under varying recharge water conditions, induced changes in cell properties. During adaptation to the recharge water environment, the zeta potential of cells became more negative, the hydrodynamic diameters, extracellular polymeric substances content and surface hydrophobicity decreased, while the cellular outer membrane protein profiles became more diverse. The mobility of cells altered in accordance with changes in these cell properties. The E. coli cells in rainfall recharge water displayed the highest mobility (least retention), followed by cells in river water and finally SE cells, which had the lowest mobility. Simulated column experiments and quantitative modeling confirmed that the cellular properties, driven by the physiologic state of cells in different recharge water matrices and the solution chemistry, exerted synergistic effects on cell transport behavior. The findings of this study contribute to an improved understanding of E. coli transport in actual AGR scenarios and prediction of spreading risk in different recharge water sources.

关键词: Artificial groundwater recharge     E. coli     Transport     Simulated column experiments     Modeling    

从结直肠癌细胞和组织样本释放的外泌体中检测肿瘤相关抗原自身抗体的多路生物传感诊断平台展示了对结直肠癌的高诊断能力 Article

Ana Montero-Calle, Itziar Aranguren-Abeigon, María Garranzo-Asensio, Carmen Poves, María Jesús Fernández-Aceñero

《工程(英文)》 2021年 第7卷 第10期   页码 1393-1412 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.04.026

摘要:

结直肠癌(CRC)是全球导致癌症相关死亡的第二大原因。CRC患者的5年生存率与诊断分期息息相关。CRC早期诊断患者的5年生存率高于80%,CRC晚期诊断患者的5年生存率低于10%。大量研究表明,患者血清中特定CRC自身抗原[肿瘤相关抗原(TAA)]对应的自身抗体有助于早期诊断。因此,本文旨在识别CRC特异性自身抗体的自身抗原靶点,借助液体活检技术有效筛查CRC患者和健康个体。为此,我们从CRC患者体内提取5个CRC细胞系和组织样本,通过免疫沉淀-质谱分析法测量其分泌的外泌体的蛋白质含量,共鉴定出103种蛋白质为潜在的CRC特异性自身抗原。采用生物信息学技术和荟萃分析,我们选定了15种与实际CRC自身抗原类似度更高的蛋白质,以便后续借助蛋白质印迹法(WB)和免疫组织化学技术(IHC)评估它们在CRC预后中的作用。结果发现,在患者的组织和血浆外泌体样本中,有11种蛋白质发生蛋白质水平失调,有9种蛋白质与CRC预后有关。经验证发现,除一例外,所有研究均显示出具有统计学意义的高诊断能力,采用荧光Halotag磁珠,或者借助多路生物传感平台(磁性微载体为固相载体,由用于CRC细胞检测的共价固定Halotag融合蛋白修饰),能够有效筛查区分CRC患者、癌前病变个体与健康个体。综上所述,本文的研究结果突出了此研究方法在识别慢性疾病特征TAA时的有效性;此外,本文采用的测量血浆中TAA对应的自身抗体水平的方法可以应用到具有高诊断能力的CRC检测即时医疗(POC)设备中。

关键词: 自身抗体     诊断     结直肠癌     外泌体     肿瘤微环境     体液免疫应答     即时医疗     生物传感器    

Assessment of oxidative and UV-C treatments for inactivating bacterial biofilms from groundwater wells

Kyle E. MURRAY,Erin I. Manitou-ALVAREZ,Enos C. INNISS,Frank G. HEALY,Adria A. BODOUR

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 39-49 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0699-0

摘要: Microorganisms are ubiquitous in natural environments and in water supply infrastructure including groundwater wells. Sessile-state microorganisms may build up on well surfaces as biofilms and, if excessive, cause biofouling that reduces well productivity and water quality. Conditions can be improved using biocides and other traditional well rehabilitation measures; however, biofilm regrowth is inevitable given the continuous introduction of microorganisms from the surrounding environment. Alternative and less invasive well maintenance approaches are desirable for reducing biofilm densities while also minimizing harmful disinfection-by-products. The primary objective of this research was to evaluate effectiveness of alternative treatments for inactivating microorganisms comprising biofilms. A novel approach was designed for in situ growth of biofilms on steel coupons suspended from ‘chandeliers’. After more than 100 days of in situ growth, biofilms were harvested, sampled, and baseline biofilm densities quantified through cultivation. Ultraviolet-C (UV-C) and oxidative treatments including hydrogen peroxide (H O ), ozone (O ) and mixed oxidants were then applied to the biofilms in laboratory-scale treatments. Microbial inactivation was assessed by comparing treated versus baseline biofilm densities. H O was the most effective treatment, and decreased density below baseline by as much as 3.1 orders of magnitude. Mixed oxidants were effective for the well having a lower density biofilm, decreasing density below baseline by as much as 1.4 orders of magnitude. Disparity in the response to treatment was apparent in the wells despite their spatial proximity and common aquifer source, which suggests that microbiological communities are more heterogeneous than the natural media from which they originate.

关键词: well rehabilitation     aquifer     biofouling     hydrogen peroxide     sustainability    

Influence of reclaimed water discharge on the dissemination and relationships of sulfonamide, sulfonamide resistance genes along the Chaobai River, Beijing

Ning Zhang, Xiang Liu, Rui Liu, Tao Zhang, Miao Li, Zhuoran Zhang, Zitao Qu, Ziting Yuan, Hechun Yu

《环境科学与工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第13卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1099-2

摘要:

Reclaimed water threatens the ecological safety of the Chaobai River.

SMX, TMP, and SDZ were the first three abundant antibiotics in the research area.

SRGs and intI1 were widespread with high abundance after reclaimed water recharge.

The SRGs values followed the sequence: Summer>autumn>spring>winter.

Strong correlations were detected between SRGs and environmental factors.

关键词: Sulfonamide residues     Sulfonamide resistance genes     Reclaimed water recharge     Surface water     Class one integrons    

面向微纳卫星自主汽化管理液氨推进系统的设计、研制和测试 Regular Article

Shu-jian Sun, Tao Meng, Zhong-he Jin,sunshujian@zju.edu.cn,mengtao@zju.edu.cn

《信息与电子工程前沿(英文)》 2019年 第20卷 第11期   页码 1516-1529 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1800068

摘要: 提出一种面向微纳卫星的自主汽化管理液氨推进系统。相比常规冷气或液化气推进系统,提出多路平行筛孔式汽化装置和对应汽化控制方法。所提方案有效解决了液氨高汽化潜热和不易完全汽化的问题,从而发挥液氨推进剂高贮存密度和高比冲性能优势。此外,重点分析自主汽化管理液氨推进系统的工作流程及其涉及的物理化学过程和数学模型。综合考虑推力表现和能源效率,提出最优系统推力控制策略。地面测试表明,自主汽化管理液氨推进系统总重1.8 kg(包含0.34 kg液氨推进剂),比冲达到100 s,系统功耗在10 W以下。自主汽化管理液氨推进系统具有高比冲、低功耗、可实现性强、推力输出均一稳定等特点,适合微纳卫星在轨应用。

关键词: 自主汽化管理;液氨;毫牛量级推进技术;微推力;高精度轨道控制;微纳卫星    

标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Fifty Years of Water Sensitive Urban Design, Salisbury, South Australia

John C. Radcliffe, Declan Page, Bruce Naumann, Peter Dillon

期刊论文

Quantification of seepage in a multi-layered disconnected river-aquifer system

Jiang LI, Haizhu HU, Xiaomin MAO, Yi LIU

期刊论文

CHALLENGES PROVIDING MULTIPLE ECOSYSTEM BENEFITS FOR SUSTAINABLE MANAGED SYSTEMS

期刊论文

Nanosized magnetite in low cost materials for remediation of water polluted with toxic metals, azo- and antraquinonic dyes

María Fernanda HORST,Verónica LASSALLE,María Luján FERREIRA

期刊论文

Production of pectic extracts from sugar beet pulp with antiproliferative activity on a breast cancer cell line

Jacqueline CONCHA, Caroline WEINSTEIN, María Elvira Zú?IGA

期刊论文

纤维基质——乳腺癌检测和治疗的新途径

Rasha Rezk,  Raquel Marín-García,  Annica K.B.Gad

期刊论文

Multifunctional antimicrobial chlorhexidine polymers by remote plasma assisted vacuum deposition

Aparicio, María Alcaire, Carmen López-Santos, Juan P.

期刊论文

Shear-flexural strength mechanical model for the design and assessment of reinforced concrete beams subjected to point or distributed loads

Antonio MARÍ,Antoni CLADERA,Jesús BAIRÁN,Eva OLLER,Carlos RIBAS

期刊论文

Effect of asphalt thin beams mixed with three nominal maximum aggregate sizes in the bending beam rheometer on the prediction of thermal properties of bituminous material

Chun-Hsing HO,María Francisca Martínez GONZÁLEZ,Cristina Pilar Martín LINARES

期刊论文

Transport of bacterial cell (

Wei Fan, Qi Li, Mingxin Huo, Xiaoyu Wang, Shanshan Lin

期刊论文

从结直肠癌细胞和组织样本释放的外泌体中检测肿瘤相关抗原自身抗体的多路生物传感诊断平台展示了对结直肠癌的高诊断能力

Ana Montero-Calle, Itziar Aranguren-Abeigon, María Garranzo-Asensio, Carmen Poves, María Jesús Fernández-Aceñero

期刊论文

Assessment of oxidative and UV-C treatments for inactivating bacterial biofilms from groundwater wells

Kyle E. MURRAY,Erin I. Manitou-ALVAREZ,Enos C. INNISS,Frank G. HEALY,Adria A. BODOUR

期刊论文

Influence of reclaimed water discharge on the dissemination and relationships of sulfonamide, sulfonamide resistance genes along the Chaobai River, Beijing

Ning Zhang, Xiang Liu, Rui Liu, Tao Zhang, Miao Li, Zhuoran Zhang, Zitao Qu, Ziting Yuan, Hechun Yu

期刊论文

面向微纳卫星自主汽化管理液氨推进系统的设计、研制和测试

Shu-jian Sun, Tao Meng, Zhong-he Jin,sunshujian@zju.edu.cn,mengtao@zju.edu.cn

期刊论文

Dani Or:农田和自然土壤特征的共性与差异及其对农业生产的影响(2019年8月22日)

2021年04月23日

会议视频